Ruminant Farming and Post-Mining Reclamation

To fertilize post-mining soil, organic matter or compost is important and much needed. Land or post-mining land is damaged with a very low fertility level so it needs to be processed (treatment) first before it can be planted. The choice of plants depends on the purpose of using the post-mining land, whether for agriculture, forestry or others. Planting fast growing trees and short rotation coppice i.e. legume group trees is the best option. In addition to the ability to survive, its deep roots are also able to withstand erosion and the ability to symbiotic with azetobacter so that it binds nitrogen in root nodules so that it fertilizes the soil. And furthermore, the legume tree can be used as a source of animal feed (the leaves), bioenergy (the wood) and honey (the flowers).

The creation of livestock and their supporters such as forage plantations is like an ammunition factory to reclaim the post-mining land. The wider and faster the target time for reclaiming the land, the larger the farm required. Ruminant farms with thousands or even tens of thousands of livestock can be made with this purpose. Although the main objective is to produce compost for post-mining land reclamation, the indirect benefits from the farm are no less large. Even from the farm business can get big financial benefits. The main and common problem faced by mining entrepreneurs is that they are reluctant to do reclamation because it costs a lot and does not provide financial benefits. But when the reclamation activity does not reduce the company's finances even provide large profit, of course it will be a different story. The volume of mining carried out should also be proportional to the repair or post-mining reclamation.

To maximize the reclamation, biochar needs to be used. The use of biochar will make compost in post-mining land not easily lost after being washed by rain, maintain soil moisture because biochar is able to hold water (water holding capacity), raise soil pH so that soil microbial activity is more optimal and more nutrients are absorbed by plants, and biochar also will become a home or colony for soil microbes so that it will further fertilize the soil. Meanwhile, in terms of climate change mitigation, the use of biochar in the soil will also store carbon (carbon sequestration) for a very long time, up to hundreds of years. Carbon credits with a carbon sink mechanism as part of the CCS (carbon capture and storage) application can also be obtained. The carbon trading market is predicted to get bigger as global awareness of climate change and biochar as one of the solutions are also increasingly being applied, discussed and paid attention to by the earth's population.

The extent of post-mining land that reaches millions of hectares, the high demand for domestic meat as well as the export market, and the large amount of biomass waste that can be converted into biochar, post-mining reclamation should be a priority for mining entrepreneurs moreover, the reclamation activity does not reduce the company's profit but instead gives more profits. If this can be done, the environmental damage caused by mining can be minimized. Indeed, humans need various products that come from the mining to make their lives easier, but also not to the point that on the other hand the mining business actually damages the environment which will lead to disasters in the future.

Gliricidia Leaf Feed Pellets Factory to Optimize Biomass / Energy Plantations and Increase National Meat Production

 

The availability of feed is very important to support and sustain the livestock business. Easy, abundant and cheap feed is important to be pursued. Feed is also the highest cost component in livestock farming, as is fertilizer for a number of plantations and farms. The effort to get a continuous supply of quality feed is an absolute prerequisite for the success of a livestock business. The supply of domestic meat, which is still mostly imported, is certainly not encouraging. For this reason, the national meat production program to self-sufficiency in meat must be encouraged. The scarcity of meat availability, which has driven higher prices, makes it easy for cheap haram meat to enter the market, especially since there is weak supervision and light sanctions for suppliers of this haram meat. As a country with the largest Muslim majority and meat is an important food element in the form of protein, the development of animal husbandry must also be in sync with these conditions. Farms that are made and become the main priority are livestock that support the halal industry.

Gliricidia leaves, which are waste from energy  or biomass plantations, are a potential source of high nutritious food. The increasing projection of energy or biomass plantation development should also be in line with the utilization of the leaf waste for animal feed. The content of gliricidia leaves which are rich in protein is an important source of nutrition for livestock, especially ruminants such as sheep, goats and cows, so that it needs to be developed and utilized optimally. By utilizing these leaves, all parts of the tree from the energy or biomass plantations can be optimized. Making pellets from these leaves (feed pellets) will also facilitate storage, save transportation, last longer and make it easier to use as animal feed.

 Muslims who carry out the Qurban worship every year will need a large supply of livestock in the form of sheep, goats and cows. In addition, during Ramadan and Eid al-Fitr, there is also a surge in demand for this meat, and it is often found that haram meat such as pork and dog is mixed with the meat above. And when a child is born, a Muslim family is also required to do aqiqah by slaughtering 1 or 2 sheep or goats. Apart from that, basically the supply of meat for daily needs is still minus. These things should be the motivation for the development of a livestock business.

Integration of Farm with Biomass Plantation or Energy Plantation

The long and expensive social costs for the production of hardwoods such as teak which require a minimum of 15 years make Perhutani company replace them with fast-rotating plants such as gliricidia. As for private companies, the main reason for growing fast-rotation species is mainly profit. Commodities that provide quick returns, with minimal risk. Short harvest time of wood which is only around 2-3 years and can be repetitive (coppice) repeatedly without the need to replanting is the advantage of these plants. Planting and caring for the tree is also very easy. The price of wood that is only worth the waste wood or firewood also mitigates the social cost of securing wood theft. The use of wood as a source of biomass or raw materials in the wood processing industry such as the manufacture of particle boards or as an energy source for example by processing it into wood pellets and wood briquettes. Hundreds of thousands of hectares have been planned for the planting and will take several years to come.

In addition to the main product namely wood, there are actually two products from the tree that can be utilized namely flowers and leaves (whole tree utilization). Flowers for beekeeping or production of honey and leaves for animal feed or meat production. Sheep, goat and cattle farms can be developed close to the plantation so that they are close to feed sources. Although the protein content in gliricidia leaves ranges from 18-24% or high enough for animal feed in general, so it is very good for animal feed, because concentrated feed usually only contains about 15% protein, but to get a balanced feed is still needed a number of other nutrients . Other complementary nutritional needs can be obtained from the surrounding community by collaborating through community empowerment. Nutrients needed for animal feed to become complete feed are complete sources of fiber, sources of protein, vitamins and minerals. Gliricidia leaves with 18-24% protein content as a source of protein, while grass or straw as a source of fiber and added vitamins and minerals.

Grazing
To produce superior livestock products, livestock grazing is the solution. With grazing, livestock will be healthier and feed costs can be cheaper because grass can be directly obtained. With an area of biomass or energy plantations that reaches tens to hundreds of thousands hectares, then allocating several tens or hundred hectares is certainly not difficult. The area can be used for pasture herds. Certain grasses can be planted as a source of food in the pasture. Sheep and cattle can even be farmed and herded in the same pasture field. Rotational grazing is a shepherding technique that can be applied because it is more effective and efficient than conventional grazing.

Single grazing

Mixed grazing

Feed Factory
With the composition of gliricidia leaves produced from each tree reaching around 30% and an average of 10,000 trees per hectare planted, the number of leaves produced from biomass or energy plantations is huge and excessive for consumption on farms. Then it also has the potential to create animal feed factory. The livestock feed produced can then supply feed to a number of farms in various regions so that the livestock business is growing and self-sufficiency in meat is easily achieved. Meat imports that reach tens or even hundreds of thousands tons should be avoided and sufficient from domestic livestock businesses.

The main problems of livestock are feed and markets. When the feed problem has been resolved it means 50% of the problem has been solved. As for starting a business, the first thing to note is the market or the buyer. If the products produced from the business that we do have no market or buyer, then the business will lose money and go out of business. The potential lack of meat in the country can become a large market potential and export market. Regarding sheep and goats, In Indonesia indeed a number of regions prefer goats such as Jakarta, Central Java and East Java while other regions prefer sheep like Yogyakarta. This should also be a concern regarding the target market.

Soon Sri Lanka Will Produce Massive Wood Pellets From Its Energy Plantations, Indonesia?

A Sri Lankan company, Trinco Pellets will produce wood pellets from fast-rotating plant, namely gliricidae and is planned to produce in 2020-2021. Its production capacity reaches 150,000 tons / year with the main market to Japan. The company aims to plant 1 billion gliricidae trees with the target of producing 15 million tons of gliricidae wood. In addition to the production of wood pellets, the wood is also used for electricity generation. Of course this is a breakthrough and acceleration for the development of the wood pellet industry. Indonesia clearly has far greater potential, and it can also be a reference for even a model to spur the spirit to play a greater role in the world wood pellet sector in particular and bioeconomy in general.

Gliricidae with calliandra are a group of legume plants that have roots that can bind nitrogen to fertilize the soil. Both can also be coppice so that they can be harvested every year and replanting is done after approximately 20 years. For additional references about calliandra and gamal can be read here. Optimization of energy plantations both calliandra or gliricidae is by raising both sheep and also can be sheep farms with cattle. This is because calliandra and gliricidae leaves are very good for animal feed because of the high protein content and the amount produced from the energy plantation is very much. For example if each hectare produces 20 tons of leaves, then for a 1,000 hectare plantation it will produce 20,000 tons of leaf waste. For more details, please read here. With this pattern, we are not only produce wood pellets, but also meat production, which is currently Indonedia still in a deficit. Integration of large plantations with large farms will provide optimal results, as can be read here. Insha Allah.

Integration of Cattle Farms and PKO Mills

 

PKO mills or palm kernel oil mills have a greater opportunity to integrate livestock especially cattle in their business fields. This is because in the production of palm kernel oil (PKO) a by-product product in the form of palm kernel cake or palm kernel expeller (PKE) or palm kernel cake (PKC) which can be used to feed the cow. The palm kernel oil mills does not need to sell the PKE but uses it for internal purposes, namely for the cattle farm. The cows will also be better if grazed with additional food in the form of palm kernel cake. For palm oil companies it is certainly not a problem to provide grazing land for several tens or several hundred hectares, because many oil palm plantations reach thousands to tens of thousands of hectares. In addition to cattle farming, sheep farming can also be developed together, because a number of studies have shown that grazing cattle and sheep shows positive results.

PKO mills are far less in number than CPO mills. Many oil palm companies own CPO mills but do not have PKO mills. This is due to, among other things, the low yield of palm kernel oil compared to palm oil (CPO) and the handling of palm kernel oil products is also more difficult than CPO. The PKO mill produces side products in the form of palm oil cake while CPO products do not. The availability of palm oil cake for integration with cattle farming will be an advantage in itself, because feed factors are a vital factor for livestock business. Feed is the highest cost component which reaches around 70% in the livestock business. With the availability of more adequate feed and combined with grazing, cow production by fattening on these farms can be accelerated and optimized. The Indonesian government's plan to import buffalo meat from India as many as 100,000 tons / year must be canceled by provide its own livestock. Circulation of haram meat, namely wild boar meat, which causes public unrest can also be eradicated if sufficient halal meat is available.

Portion of Protein Consumption According to the Qur'an

The meat self-sufficiency program which is the vision of the Indonesian government in the food sector can only be achieved if the government encourages it to be achieved seriously. Promoting livestock and simplifying its marketing distribution channels with various supporting policies will make the program run smoothly. Of course, all people with sound sense will support this positive program if done in a good way, not just rhetoric and imagery. Protein is an essential food source for the human body so that if the needs are not met, it will cause problems. The Qur'an also indicates that the source of protein from large livestock (ruminansia) occupies the largest portion compared to poultry and fish. The source of animal protein from large livestock is revealed in at least 7 verses or 64%, from fish revealed in 3 verses or 27% and from poultry revealed in 1 verse or 9%. So to fulfill the needs of protein, the priority is from large livestock such as cattle.

Cattle Farms With Palm Oil Plantations Already, Sheep Farms With Palm Oil Plantations?

"It is He Who has brought down the rain from the sky for you, some of it has become a drink and some of it has grown up, the plants which are in your place of grazing your cattle. "(Qur'an 16:10)

"Eat and graze your animals. Verily in this, there are signs of the power of Allah for those who understand. "(Qur'an, 20:54)

"Muslims are syirkah (sharia business cooperation) to three things, in terms of pasture (land), water and fire (energy)". (HR. Sunan Abu Daud).

The lack of meat production in Indonesia, which is indicated by the high planned import of meat that reaches 100,000 tons of buffalo meat from India, is a pity. Moreover, there is often news about smuggling haram meat such as wild boar meat in a number of regions. This is considering the enormous potential of livestock that can be developed in Indonesia. The large number of large plantations in Indonesia has the potential to be integrated with livestock, for example palm oil plantations which reach an area of ​​12 million hectares with palm oil (CPO and PKO) production reaching more than 40 million tons / year. With this area, of course, very much livestock can be developed as the main producer of meat. While other plantations are also potential such as coconut plantations with an area of ​​3.7 million hectares, rubber 2.5 million hectares, albasia more than 1 million hectares and so on.

Cattle farms integrated with palm oil plantations have been carried out in a number of places in Indonesia. This is a good thing and needs to be supported. Optimizing cattle farms on palm oil plantations can be done by using good grazing techniques. If at present almost all of them are still using continuous grazing techniques that do not pay attention to the quality, quantity and sustainability of pastures as a grazing area for cattle, then efforts to optimize them can be done by rotation grazing. By rotation grazing, the quality, quantity and sustainability of grasslands as sources of animal feed can be optimized especially in conversion to meat.

Sheep actually has many advantages over cows, among others, can eat almost all types of grass, fattening and breeding fast, high mobility so that the distribution of manure for pasture fertilizer is more evenly distributed, and fur can be used for wool production. In Islam sheep also has many virtues compared to cattle, more in detail can be read here, even all the Prophets must have pastored sheep whose wisdom can be read here. For this reason sheep farms should also be encouraged, especially in large plantations such as palm oil plantations. In addition to fulfilling domestic needs, sheep are also needed in Middle Eastern countries, especially Saudi Arabia, which every year requires approximately 2 million heads with a quarter of it in the Hajj season. For Muslims by raising sheep it can also be intended to continue to support the Shari'a of Qurban which is carried out every 10 Dhulhijah. If an average of 1 sheep is 80 kg, then to eliminate imports of 100,000 tons of buffalo meat, 1.25 million sheep are needed per year. And if the average weight of a 300 kg cow with a 50% portion is fulfilled from beef, then the needs of 166,667 cattle and 50% of the sheep will be 625,000 sheep.

Integration of sheep farms with palm oil plantations is also very possible, even with mixed grazing with cattle, it will also be better. A number of studies stated mixed grazing sheep and cattle have resulted in higher meat conversion compared to grazing only sheep and cattle. For palm oil plantations with the integration of livestock, it will also reduce the need for non-subsidized chemical fertilizers which have become the main fertilizer and high cost. In conclusion, by using good grazing techniques and also the selection of suitable livestock, the palm oil plantation business becomes optimal, more profitable and no less important, which is increasingly environmentally friendly.

When Palm Oil Plantations Are Integrated With Sheep Farms

When fertilizer consumption for palm oil plantations can be reduced and even eliminated and replaced with cheap organic fertilizer, the cost of producing palm oil can automatically be reduced. This is because the cost of fertilizer is one of the highest cost components of palm oil production. In addition to fertilizer for palm oil plantations not subsidized, and almost all use chemical fertilizers. This is the high cost factor, besides chemical fertilizers also damage the environment, especially for the long term.

When the cost of producing palm oil is high while the selling price of crude oil products or crude palm oil (CPO) low certainly makes the business of palm oil less attractive or less profitable. It has been recorded that in the past 10 years there have been high fluctuations in the selling price of palm oil fruit. The CPO selling price factor as a final product for most of Indonesia's palm oil mills also will to reduce the selling price of palm oil fruits from farmers. The latest info such as the European Union which rejects Indonesian CPO is a condition that complicates the sale or export of CPO.

In terms of production to reduce production costs is an increase in efficiency, especially reducing the high cost component, especially the non-subsidized chemical fertilizer. The integration of palm oil plantations and sheep farming is the solution. Lamb manure is used to fertilize palm oil plantations. With an area of ​​thousands of hectares of oil palm plantations, it can allocate 5-10% of the land area to the sheep farm. The more non-subsidized chemical fertilizers can be reduced, the lower the cost of production, but besides that sheep farming itself can bring more attractive benefits. Indonesia, which still has a meat deficit and low consumption of per capita to meat, can also be overcome by this farm. Some time ago there was a government plan to import 100 thousand tons of buffalo meat from India to cover the deficit, so that this should be overcome also with the farm. The sheep export market is also promising, such as Saudi Arabia, which requires around 2 million heads each year and a quarter (500 thousand) in the Hajj season. This sheep can also be the best Muslim property, more details read here.

With the vast Indonesian palm oil plantation reaching 12 million hectares, it is certainly possible to achieve meat self-sufficiency by integrating it with sheep farming. In addition, of course the government should strive for the progress of the oil palm industry as part of the welfare of its people. Of course with an accurate solution that can be done like trade attaches abroad can be instructed to promote Indonesian palm oil. And in the end the more efficient the production and the greater the demand for palm products, the higher the price of palm oil and palm oil products and the more attractive benefits for farmers and entrepreneurs.

Finding The Best Treasure From Energy Plantation Implementation Part 8

"It is He Who has brought down the rain from the sky for you, some of it has become a drink and some of it has grown up, the plants which are in your place of grazing your livestock. "(Qur'an 16:10)

"Eat and graze your animals. Verily in this, there are signs of the power of Allah for those who understand. "(Qur'an, 20:54)

"Muslims are syirkah (sharia business cooperation) to three things, in terms of pasture (land), water and fire (energy)". (HR. Sunan Abu Daud).

After the energy plantation is made for the production of wood pellets, then make sheep (or sheep with cattle) farms to use the leaves from the energy plantation tree or both can be made in parallel. Making sheep farms (or sheep with cattle) can also be an entry point before integration with an energy plantation in time or even a wider bioeconomy model. Farming sheep (or sheep with cattle) by rotating grazing is the best way, because maximizing land use, managing pasture is easier and more planned, and the productivity and quality of meat from livestock are also higher. In rotation grazing, the livestock is rotated in the barren pasture area that has been partitioned. The pasture area used should have a height of about 25-30 cm of grass and left behind when the grass has a height of about 8-10 cm. If the grass is spent (overgrazed) then further growth becomes less optimal and can even die, because it is unable to grow again.

There are at least 4 physical things that need to be considered for making rotating grazing work well, namely: feed supply, fence systems, water supply and shade. Feed supply or grass availability are important factors for the sustainability of the grazing. In the rainy season the grass or certain months will be abundant while the dry season decreases. To adjust to the amount of feed, the livestock population can also be adjusted. When abundant feed the livestock population is more than when feed is reduced. To keep feed more available, pasture can be equipped with a good irrigation system so that the grass can continue to grow even in the dry season.

Fencing systems are also a factor in the success of rotation grazing. The fence system allows planned management of pasture fields. Setting the use of areas for grazing and areas that must be rested so that the grass grows back is the function of the fence system. Furthermore, with the supply of water, obviously this is an important factor because Allah SWT creates something that lives from water (Qur'an 21:30) and every one who lives must need water, especially livestock. Each grazing area (paddock) must be equipped with the water supply. The more food or grass consumed the more water is needed. The lack of water supply will also reduce feed consumption. Cool and non-hot water is preferred by livestock compared to hot water. When a hot day, a place of water in a pond or a certain container will become hot, resulting in reduced water consumption and reduced feed consumption, which in turn will decrease body weight growth. A number of studies have shown that the maximum distance of pasture livestock to a maximum water source is around 250 meters for optimal results.

Shady places are also important for grazing. Farm animals tend to look for shade so they can graze longer. When the weather is hot, farm animals do not last long. The best shade is trees so trees need to be planted in the pasture area. Fruit trees are one of the interesting choices for that. Each paddock area can be planted with one type of fruit tree, for example one paddock for durian trees, the other paddock for rambutan, the other for date palm trees, mango, guava, olive and so on. Temperatures in Indonesia with a tropical climate are also higher than in subtropical regions, namely daytime on average reaching 25 C while in subtropical regions only 10 C. This shows that the best location is grazing is grassland with shady trees among them. The amount of rainfall like in Indonesia makes large fast and fruiting trees so that they can be quickly used for shade.

One of the most frequently asked questions for farmers who want to start rotation grazing is how many paddocks must be made? Basically, the more paddocks, the better because the pasture can be utilized to source livestock feed maximally. In general, you can start with 5 to 10 paddock with each paddock for grazing 3 to 7 days later rest for 25-30 days. Of almost all rotational grazing practices, the number of 4 paddocks is the minimum amount when starting. The square shape is the best form for the paddock, so that it is as close as possible to the shape. The shape of the small paddock extends or circles is not good because it is more difficult to achieve the results of the utilization of grass that is evenly distributed by livestock. For determining the pasture area as well as the distribution it will be better at the initial stage to do it with aerial photography.

Finding The Best Treasure From Energy Plantation Implementation Part 5

"It is He Who has brought down the rain from the sky for you, some of it has become a drink and some of it has grown up, the plants which are in your place of grazing your cattle. "(Qur'an 16:10)

"Eat and graze your animals. Verily in this, there are signs of the power of Allah for those who understand. "(Qur'an, 20:54)

There is a very positive correlation between manure organic fertilizer with crop productivity. When farms are integrated with agriculture and forestry, there will be a closed cycle of fertilizer fulfillment and crop productivity. And vice versa. If fertilizers, especially organic fertilizers, cannot be met, then inorganic fertilizers, namely chemical fertilizers, will replace them. Whereas by making the closed cycle, it will eliminate the need for inorganic fertilizers or chemical fertilizers. In addition to increasing costs, the use of chemical fertilizers also damage or poison agricultural land. Integration of livestock with forestry, as well as with agriculture at present, have generally been damaged and cut off so that the consequence of dependence on chemical fertilizers is high. Agroforestry and animal husbandry, especially sheep grazing, should be developed, so that the business will be optimal, environmentally friendly and sustainable.

In the implementation technically in energy plantation, the sheep can be grazed directly in the plantation, but by observing the age of the energy plantation trees, the practice is made in rotation. When the energy plantation trees are large enough, then the sheep can be released and grazed in the area, but when the energy plantation trees are still small, the sheep cannot be grazed in the area, because it will damage the growth of the trees . The second technique is to make a sheep colony between or in the middle of the energy plantation. In addition to the sheep colony area, there is also a grazing area for sheep. The grazing is also made rotation according to the availability of grass or sheep feed. The portion of grass from grazing can be made with a ratio of 50:50 with forage, energy plantation waste. All breeders also know, especially sheep farmers, that the feed can be said to be the main component of the livestock business costs. So if the feed can be made as cheap as possible, then automatically profit margin is also high. Imagine if sheep feed had to be imported and expensive, even though the land to graze or grow grass was very broad, this would be foolishness. Forage quality in the form of grasses and leaves is the best feed. The protein content of leguminoceae leaves in the energy plantation is also high, thus producing high quality feed and conversion to lamb meat will also be high.

Grass can grow almost anywhere in Indonesia, because it has a tropical climate and fertile soil. We do not need to bother planting these grasses, even in many cases cleaning the grass is a problem. In dry countries like Egypt to get grass, farmers need to plant and care for them. We should be grateful to Allah SWT for these favors. In large-scale energy plantation and sheep farming, irrigation is a very important factor. Allah Almighty created the living from water. The grass will also dry it and die when there is no water, as well as the energy plantation trees - even though these types of trees are very efficient in water use.

Kitab Al Filaha, the Book of Phenomenal Agriculture in the Age of the Umayyad Caliphate in Andalusia Who Becomes European Referral For Centuries.

A good irrigation system must be built in the area and that is not a difficult job. In the Umayyad Caliphate in Andalusia the waterways were built even from distant and mountainous sources, to meet the water needs of the city, including their agriculture and livestock. Rainfall in Andalusia (Spain today) is also low namely 640 mm / year, while Indonesia averages 2700 mm / year but their agriculture and livestock are very advanced, even becoming a European reference for centuries after. Islamic civilization in Andalusia is not only the beauty of the building of its mosque, palace, urban spatial planning, science, but also its economy and prosperity, namely the fulfillment of its food from their agriculture and livestock. History is always repetitive, and we can work on it by studying the Islamic civilization and knowing what factors support it. Whereas in the contemporary era, we can see that the Netherlands with its irrigation network has been able to boost its bioeconomics, both in the food, energy and material sectors. Bioeconomics is based on animals and plants as objects, which Allah created from water: "... And from the water We make all things alive. Why then do they not believe? "(Qur'an 21: 30), so that fulfilling water needs will optimize its growth. There is no life without water. Bioeconomics in Europe aims to drive the economy by € 2 trillion (around 34,000 trillion rupiah or around 17 times the Indonesian state budget) by absorbing 20 million workers.

Sheep Transport Ship With a Capacity of Up to 40,000 Sheep / Shipment

Then how is the lamb meat market? Currently the largest sheep market is Saudi Arabia, with an estimated 8 million head / year or a quarter (2 million head) in the Haj season. While for the domestic market the demand is not large, except for Idhul Adha. How to increase the consumption of lamb? To accelerate the increase in lamb meat, humanitarian agencies can work with the sheep farm. Innovation can be made by the way the lamb meat is cooked and then canned so that long lasting. Ready-to-eat food products that were canned before also have been circulating in the market such as the  gudeg, rendang, green lombok soup and so on, so that it is also possible for processed lamb meat like tongseng, gule and satay. At present if humanitarian agencies donate food to our brothers and sisters victims of conflict areas such as Palestine, Syria, Afghanistan and Rohingnya, then canned meat of sheep should be part of the package. Don't prioritize instant noodles, which are imported raw materials and very few importers (monopoly / oligopoly). In addition, ready-to-eat canned lamb is also marketed at domestic outlets so that the interest in consumption of lamb meat continues to increase, especially among the majority of Muslims in this country.

In addition agroforestry productivity increase with the quality, other industrial sectors that benefit from the development of sheep farming are the leather industry and the textile industry. Sheep slaughtered in Indonesia, the skin and fur will become the raw material for the leather industry and textile industry. Jackets, wallets, and bags are some of the products of the sheep skin-based leather industry. Furthermore, wool yarn which has been mostly imported, can be reduced or even eliminated by massive sheep farms and energy plantations. How beautiful if the Prophet's sunnah can be implemented, especially other plantations such as 12 million hectares of oil palm plantations; coconut 3.7 million hectares; 3.4 million hectares of rubber and so on are very potential for the sheep farm business. When faith in piety is increasingly implemented in everyday life so that bank interest rates can be eliminated or 0%, then wealth becomes a blessing, passion for business and greater competitiveness and innovative concepts for good can be realized immediately. And when the economy is controlled and driven by good people, goodness will be widespread in various parts of the world. Insha Allah.

Satay and Processed Lamb Meat anytime!

Eating satay and processed lamb meat products is delicious, so how delicious if you can eat it often. Some of our people can enjoy these dishes only during Eid al-Adha. Of course this must continue to be improved because the average meat consumption of the Indonesian population is still low. Even though protein is one of the essential nutrients we really need. And for that lamb meat is the best meat despite many myths that oppose it. In Al Qur'an Surah 6: 143-144, eight pairs of animals (4 pairs) are two (a pair) of sheep, a pair of goats, a pair of camels and a pair of cows. Of the series of livestock mentioned in the verses above, sheep are first mentioned, then goats, camels and cattle.

The rules in the Qur'an, the first one has virtue over afterwards. Now, this is where sheep have superiority compared to other livestock mentioned in the verses, although all these animals are halal meat eaten. Other indications of the virtue of sheep can also be found in the Qurban event, namely when Prophet Ibrahim was ordered by Allah SWT to slaughter his son Ismail, then by Allah SWT saved Ismail and replaced him with a large sheep. Then we commemorate this event every year and become the Shari'a of Qurban on the Eid al-Adha feast every year in 10 Dzulhijah. Besides that, all Prophets are sheep shepherd, is another indication that lamb is the best meat and the sheep that are grazed are the best treasures. 

The next question that can arise is is there another guide more specific about diet, especially protein? The Qur'an also indicates the source of protein from large livestock occupies the largest portion of poultry and fish. The source of animal protein that is from large livestock is revealed in at least 7 verses or 64%, from fish revealed in 3 verses or 27% and from poultry revealed in 1 verse or 9%. So that the fulfillment of protein needs is the priority of large livestock, especially those that are grazed, because in addition to producing cheap protein, it also fertilizes the land for various human needs.

So that satay and processed lamb meat can be eaten anytime and anywhere, food innovation is needed. We are certainly familiar with various canned foods so that they can last longer such as gudeg, rendang and so on. Of course this is also very possible for lamb. It is also to further promote the best meat, so that when it is called meat, the community will later associate it to lamb instead of beef or chicken as happened today. If the conditions are like that, then the sheep farming industry will grow rapidly. Sheep farming can be integrated with various large plantations and for more details can be read here.

Finding The Best Treasure From Energy Plantation Implementation Part 4

Although grazing specificallymentioned in the Qur'an as the Sunnah of the Prophets, but unfortunately thatgrazing is not studied in detail in this country on the faculty of farms, agricultural faculties, and the faculties of the Qur'an and Hadith, consequently the grazing techniques become undeveloped and our meat production is low, so it must be imported although the best potential land with huge area we can find in this country. In general there are 2 garzing methods today: grazing precision and rotational grazing. Precision grazing is done on pastures that which has been precisely measured feeding requirements for the sheep based on the extent and condition of feed or grass at the site. The location can be  also planted with various other crops, for example grazing in vineyards, in apple plantations, coconut plantation, rubber plantation, in mango plantations, oil palm plantations, energy plantations and so on. In precision grazing like mentioned above there is an effort to keep the other plants from being damaged by the sheep. While on rotation grazing the sheep are rotated based on the condition of the grass or the avaibility of feed. When a lot of grass is used for grazing and when it is exhausted then grazing moves to another location with lots of grass while waiting for the previous place to grow back the grass so it can be used for grazing again. Here are some videos of rotation grazing and precision grazing :

Hopefully, these videos will be more motivating for the development of sheep grazing in Indonesia, especially in palm oil plantations which reaches 12 million hectares, coconut plantations  around 3.7 million hectares  and rubber plantation reaches 3.4 million hectares. In addition to the meat production of the sheep, it will also fertilize the soil from the droppings dung of the sheep distributed during the grazing. Low meat consumption of population of Indonesia needs to be increased with the production of meat from within the country, not even boost imports. When the soil becomes fertile then the productivity of the palm oil will also increase as the palm trees get enough fertilizer. In addition, the resulting sheep's wool will become the wool yarn as one of the best textile materials. Wool can be used to make carpets, blankets, sweaters and so on with superior quality compared with imitations ie acrylic yarn. Indonesia still imports the wool yarn because it does not have sufficient sources of raw materials from within the country. With the encouragement of sheep farms, the import of yarn and wool cloth can be reduced even eliminated and fulfilled from within the country. 

In addition, sheep skins can also be used as raw materials for leather industry. After tanning the sheep skin can be used to load a variety of human needs goods, such as jacket, purse, wallet and so forth. Certain types of sheep also produce milk for the best nutritious beverage for humans. It is very much beneficial by optimizing the plantation lands with sheep grazing.

When Shepherding As Dowry

One of the two women said: "My father took him as a man who worked (for us), because indeed the best person you take to work (on us) is a strong man who can be trusted." (QS Al-Qashash: 26)

He said (Syu'aib) : " I intend to marry you off to one of my two daughters, on the basis that you work with me eight years and if you have ten years then it is (a favor) of you, then I will not weigh you down, and you will insha Allah find me the good ones ". (QS Al Qashash: 27)

"And He grows the grass" (Surah Al A'laa: 4)

The story of Moses who helped two women and then invited Moses to meet the father of the two women. Then, since Moses had a strong body and trustworthiness, one of the women suggested his father, the Prophet Shuaib, to be taken as a worker. The Prophet Syu'aib not only accepted Moses to be his worker, even intended to marry one of his daughters to Moses on condition of working with him as a shepherd for 8 or 10 years. Inspirational and exemplary story of all time.

When in this age the parents are anxious to seek a son-in-law, the inspiration of the story above is enlightening. Parents today can make sheep grazing so that it becomes a way to get their best daughter-in-law. And if his parents are still confused, then his daughters should also ask their parents to make the shepherds of the sheep. Allah SWT grows grasses for the feed of livestock grazed, especially the sheep.

"He is Who has sent down rain from the sky for you, partly a drink and partly (fertilizes) the plants, on which you are grazing your cattle. "(QS 16:10)

In Indonesia with an area of ​​oil palm plantations that reach about 12 million hectares, of course can be used for sheep grazing, even would be the best place (QS 16:10). What a pity if the plantation area of ​millions hectares is not optimized, even have to spend big money to clean grass under the palm oil tree. Though the grasses are feed for the sheep are grazed. The dung from the sheep also becomes fertilizer for palm oil trees which will eventually fertilize the soil and increase the productivity of its harvest. When sheep grazing in palm oil plantations has become an integrated concept, it becomes more attractive. Since the palm oil plantations are mostly or 80% located in Sumatra and Kalimantan, grazing areas can also be among fruit plantations even in multipurpose energy plantations.

All the Prophets were once shepherds of sheep / goats, indicating that the work of shepherding of sheep is important. Allah SWT shows that one of the best ways to educate His messengers who are the best human beings is to shepherd the sheep, so imitating it will also give the best results. Unfortunately, shepherding lessons are not taught in detail in our agricultural colleges, as well as in Islamic colleges of either the majors or faculties of the Qur'an or Hadith. Yet this shepherd is the sunnah of all the Prophets and also specifically there a guidance in the Qur'an.

Professions of shepherding for women is also a good thing, it can be referred from the two verses of Al Quran Surah Al Qashash above. The daughters of Prophet Shu'aib worked as shepherds even to help her father that old. Today when women in Jabodetabek (Jakarta and surrounding cities) jostle to their work places both on buses and trains, so prone to touch with non mahram and sexual harassment, then again refers to the two verses of the Qur'an above will inspire, motivate and simultaneously can be implemented. Women in the area do not even need to urbanize to the densely populated cities, crowded to work or work, traffic jams and so on, but enough to turn the Prophet's sunnah back to the shepherding.

Of course there is a lot of wisdom from the shepherding. As palm oil plantations have been crowded by the sheep, soil fertility will increase and domestic meat production is also increasing, together with it as the best educational medium. Indonesia's low production of palm oil can also increase rapidly in line with the increase in soil fertility. The sheep will also be the best treasure for Muslims, which can be read in more detail here, here, and here. Domestic meat consumption which is currently only 1/4 of the world average can also be improved. The low consumption of domestic meat is also a result of us have no interest in grazing. When parents are aware of the importance of shepherding, they will not hesitate to make the shepherding effort, which is also a means of getting their best son-in-law. At that time the dowry (dowry of marriage) becomes a set of tools of sholat and shepherding. Insha Allah.