The Multipurpose Energy Plantation

Experience is the best teacher, so the saying goes. So is the problem of renewable energy, especially biomass-based, some of them are the failure of biodiesel production program from jatropha curcas, as well as bioethanol from cassava and sugarcane which is also tragic because it also failed. We need to review and analyze the root causes of the failure so that the failure is not repeated again. In the jatropha energy plantation for biodiesel feedstocks the productivity of jatropha seeds is small and can not compete with diesel oil in the market. In addition, Jatropha leaves can not be used for livestock feeds, whereas if its woody biomass are harvested for energy sources other than the amount is not much, it will also clearly disturb the productivity of the seeds, as its main product.

Jathropa

Cassava

While on the production of bioethanol from cassava and sugarcane there was a conflict of interest between food and energy sector. Go to the Qur'an should be a reference and a guide to the problem, which can be read here. Imports of Indonesia's sugar is currently still 1.3 million tons while for tapioca is still imported with a range of 1 million tons. This means to meet the food sector whose priority is more important is still lacking then for the energy sector of course worse. But it is still a good idea that the conflict of interest between food and energy is not to cause a riot like what happened in Mexico for a time known as Tortila melee. Learning from the case of failures, should not make us retreat back and even in the era of bioeconomy will be the greater portion of energy from the plants both trees and seasonal crops.

So how is the solution to be able to rise from past failures and have a significant role in this era of bioeconomy? The Qur'an again give us guidance that energy comes from trees and fruits. More details about it can be read here and here. A practical example of a multipurpose energy plantation coming from trees is the solution. The trees include leguminoceae group capable of producing within a short period of time with high woody biomass productivity of 1 year only, and no replanting required up to 20 years. In addition to these trees also produce leaves rich in protein so it is good for animal feed also roots are able to bind the nitrogen so fertilize the soil. Stages of wood pellet production from energy plantation can be read here.

Wood pellets produced can also multipurpose, that is in addition to use for fuel in the power plants and boilers, can also be a household fuel for cooking. In addition to environmental problems such as climate change due to atmospheric CO2 concentration that has exceeded the threshold, it turns out the problem of fuel scarcity, especially LPG (Propane) occurs in many areas in Indonesia. The problem of LPG scarcity is triggering social problems because people who are already dependent on the fuel, become unprepared with the other kind of fuel. The wood stoves have been abandoned, if there is any availability of firewood is also limited, especially for the rainy season. Wood pellets can be the solution to the problem, moreover there have been many efficient wood pellet stoves with almost no smoke pollution.

When calculated with the price of LPG the price of wood pellets is also cheaper, ie with the same calorific value of two and a half kg of wood pellet (value of 4,400 kcal / kg) at a price of Rp 3750, - while one kilo of LPG (11,000 kcal / kg) Rp 6000, - Savings that can be done Rp 2250 / kg or 37.5% which means more than a third. In addition, the use of wood pellets is also more safe, will not explode as well as LPG. The damaged hose and then the gas leak caused a lot of explosion. Storage of wood pellets is also as easy as storing rice. With small packings such as 5 kg or 10 kg, the use of wood pellets is more practical and easy to distribute. In conclusion: multipurpose energy plantation with leguminoceae trees will provide many benefits, mainly energy, then sheep farming to increase soil fertility. Even further, the Qur'an in Surat Yaasiin verse 33 mentions the leguminoceae trees a pioneering plant that can revive dead lands.

Finding The Best Treasure From Energy Plantation Implementation Part 3

"He created you from the one self then He made it out of his wife and He sent for you eight pairs of pets of cattle ...." (QS 39: 6)

In another verse (QS 6: 143-144), eight animals in pairs (4 pairs) are two (one pair) sheep, a pair of goats, a pair of camels and a pair of cows.

Of the series of livestock mentioned in the above verses, the sheep is called first, then goat, camel and cow. Rule in the Qur'an, the first thing has a primacy rather than after it. Well, this is where sheep have a virtue compared to the other levestock animals mentioned in the verse, although all the animals are halal meat eaten. Another indication of the primacy of the sheep can also be found in Eid al-Adha event, when the Prophet Ibrahim was ordered by Allah SWT to slaughter his son Ismail, then Allah SWT saved Ismail and replaced it with the big lamb (sheep). The event then we commemorate every year and become the shari'a of Qurban on Idhul Adha day every 10 Dzulhijah. 

On the practical side and scientific studies of sheep also demonstrate its superiority. Based on some researches those are said that sheep are much smarter than goats. The sheep only lose from chimpanzees, elephants and dolphins. If we have seen the action of chimpanzees, elephants and dolphins with intelligence. But how does sheep act with her intelligence? The meaning of intelligence for sheep certainly does not mean solving math problems, physics, chemistry, those complicated but just remember specific tasks or signs. It is said that sheep are the best animals of memory, he can remember the face of his shepherd, remember the path back to the stable, remember who leads his journey and even remember where the limits are permissible and not, the boundaries of the territory that may pass and not. With enough practice the sheep will be able to do these tasks well. This is especially useful for planned grazing, such as precision grazing, as in 5F projects for the world! 

Sheep grazing in energy plantations can be adapted to the rotation of the woody biomass harvest. When the trees are large enough or near the age of harvest, the sheep can be grazed in the area. The sheep will eat the grass under the trees, and do not eat the leaves of the trees because it is high enough. When the trees are harvested then new shoots will appear from the base of the trees. Under these conditions sheep groups can not be grazed in this area as it will damage the trees. The grazed will move around and adjust the rotation of the energy plantation harvest. The sheep's intelligence to remember specific signs will facilitate the grazing, so the boundaries can be marked with a particular symbol.

Wood Pellet Market Projection Until 2025 And Indonesia Opportunities

Making of market projection will be needed for all parties involved in the wood pellet business, especially the producers of wood pellets itself. Increasing or reducing production even stopping production could be done if the situation and conditions support it. A projection capable of presenting accurate data will facilitate the decision making. The level of accuracy of precise data and sharp analysis and presented in an informative and attractive make a projection so valuable and made a major reference for all parties involved in this business. Below we try to present the projection of wood pellet market until 2025 which is collected from various sources and personal experience. May be a useful projection for the reader.

Wood pellet market is generally grouped into two, namely industry and heating. The industrial sector is electricity generation, while the heating sector is heating and boiler. The quality of industrial wood pellets is lower than the premium wood pellet. The need for wood pellets for industries is usually very large even the delivery or transportation using bulk shipment while for heating needs smaller amount usually packed in jumbo bag and then arranged in containers. Another difference is that the wood pellets of the marketing industry are heavily influenced by the policy of the country concerned (policy driven) while the wood pellet for heating is strongly influenced by the price of other fuels, such as petroleum and gas. The above things underlying the characteristics of the wood pellet market.

The last few years the global wood pellet market (both industrial and heating sectors) does not seem to be exhilarating and there are even excesses in some places. Why does this happen? Firstly, because a number of policies for the use of wood pellets have not been effectively implemented because the power plants have not yet been completed or in the development stage, and some power plants are still in the co-firing test phase with wood pellets. Second, the price of cheap competitor fuel, especially petroleum which even reached its price of 30 dollars per barrel that is in early 2016. This condition even to shift the position of wood pellet as the cheapest fuel for the heating sector. When oil prices more than 63 dollars per barrel it is predicted the wood pellet market will improve. And thirdly, due to climate change, the winters in Europe are not in recent years warmer or less cold than before. Of course this condition also reduces the consumption of wood pellets. Logically when the above conditions can turn out otherwise the wood pellet market will improve.

Different regions and countries have their own market characteristics. Europeans generally use wood pellets for both industry and heating, and in particular Italy uses wood pellets mostly forheating. The wood pellet stove there can even be operated with applications on smartphones or gadgets. While the market in Asia the use of wood pellets a lot for heating especially for boilers, drying and cooking but very rarely for the use of space heaters. In the future, the use of wood pellets in Asia will be dominated for the industrial sector, ie power plants when power plants in Japan and Korea and even China use wood pellets for fuel. As for the American market, especially the United States and Canada the use of wood pellets mostly for the industrial sector even in the next few years there is a tendency to be improved. What about the conditions in Australia and Africa? So far there has been no clear policy related to biomass fuel especially wood pellet in both continents. Its use is limited to heating and the portion is still small and smaller for the industrial sector at power plants.

The year 2020 is an important year for the wood pellet market because that year most of the power plants built are already in operation including a number of policies can be effective as they are supported by these generating facilities. The year 2020 also means when massive wood pellets start, because the need for wood pellets has increased significantly. FutureMetrics estimates for wood pellet demand in 2025 will be 30 million tons, while RISI writes its 50 million ton estimated by 2024 and Viridis Energy says the value of this business will reach 9 billion US dollarsby 2020. Futuremetrics in more detail also provides market analysis in Canada and Japan. Several other indications add to the accuracy of the analysis that Korea invested $ 11.6 billion in 2016 for alternative energy and according to the Korea Forest Biomass Association it will increase its import wood pellet from 1.5 million tons in 2015 to 8.5 million tons in 2022. To be able to capture these opportunities certainly need preparation from this moment, especially for the producers of wood pellets.

Where and who is the largest wood pellet user today? Britain is currently the largest wood pellet user with three power plants, Lynemouth, MGT and Drax. The policies of each country are more unique and specific to the conditions of the country , although it usually refers to more macro policies, such as occurs in EU countries. In European bioeconomy policy they have a target for 21% of electricity and 20% of heating comes from renewable energy, then each country has its own policy that refers to the collective agreement. The Netherlands with its co-firing program will also increase the demand for wood pellets, although it remains unclear, but if it does this will increase demand for wood pellets by 3.5 million tonnes / year. Likewise co-firing at Langerlo in Belgium will also increase the demand for wood pellets as well. Japan and South Korea that declared the decrease of CO2 emission have regulation related to usage of biomass fuel especially wood pellet.

European pellets production in 2015 is 14.1 million tons, while consumption reaches 20.3 million tons meaning less 6.2 million tons. Use for the heating sector reached 10.3 million tonnes, or 51% of total consumption or beat the use of pellets for industries such as power plants such as Drax. If every home in Europe consumes 2.5 tons of pellets per year, then there are about 4 million consumers. While the six largest pellet producers in Europe namely, Germany (2 million tons), Sweden (1.7 million tons), Latvia (1.6 million tons), Estonia (1.3 million tons), Austria (1 million tons) and France (1 million tons). And for more details the major pellet consumer countries for the European heating sector are Italy (3.1 million tons), Germany (2.3 million tons), Denmark (1.8 million tons), Sweden (1.6 million tons ), France (1 million tons), and Austria (0.9 million tons). Heating stove (pellet stove) also beat the boiler. Italy with 95% pellet consumption for stove, and boiler only 5%, while Germany 60% wood pellet with stove and boiler reach 40%.

China has so far been unclear about its biomass fuel-related policies, both the production potential and the use of wood pellets. But the data that the forest area in China is so limited that it will be difficult to produce wood pellets in large quantities, but agricultural waste is very abundant. This pellet from agricultural waste has limitations on its quality, ie high chlorine which is corrosive to the metal pipe boiler and silica is abrasive. The agro-waste pellet or pellet fuel from these agricultural wastes becomes unusable in the pulverized system, since it is mainly a chlorine problem, or if it can be used the portion is so small that the problems can be minimized. Another problem with low melting ash temperature will cause slag or clinker which may damage the combustion equipment at the plant. So that agro-waste pellets can be used on non-pulverized systems such as combustion with moving grate (chain grate) and gasification. Although there is always amarket for every pellet fuel, but because the majority of existing power plants use pulverized systems so it is necessary to replace the system to use agro-waste pellets and this is of course not easy, fast and cheap. It also makes the target of reducing CO2 (Carbon Reduction) is also difficult to meet. Another thing that can be done is to use wood pellets and it means that import is very much needed. High silica content in agricultural waste becomes a problem especially during production or shoveling and its use. Examples of high agricultural waste silica content is rice husk. Still according to FutureMetrics calculations if the portion of co-firing wood pellet is only 5% only and that too is done only by 16% of coal power plant in China, hence it can cause wood pellet demand almost 40 million ton / year.

 

Indonesia's potential is good enough to become one of the world's major player of wood pellets. With a tropical climate, high rainfall, fertile soil, geographical location is quite close to Japan, South Korea and China and the area of ​​good plantation industry (HTI) which covers about 80 million hectares, polyculture with oil palm plantations, marginal that can be used for energy plantations. Why use energy plantations to supply woody raw materials for wood pellet production? This is because with the energy plantation the supply of raw materials for wood pellets can be large and stable for a long period of time, more detail for energy plantation can be read here. Indonesia is also known as the largest producer of CPO or crude palm oil with production of 23 million tons / year, but with monoculture in large plantations the plantation will be susceptible to disease and its production is not optimal, for that polyculture with energy plantation is the best solution for more detail can be read here. Forests of industrial crops that also millions of hectares can also be optimized with energy plantations, for more detail can be read here. Meanwhile, to design wood pellet production from energy plantation can be read here.

Likewise the unused fields, marginal land to critical land will also provide great benefits with the energy plantation. One more thing is the consumption of protein, especially meat for the people of Indonesia also still needs to be improved because it is below the average world consumption, which is 16 grams / day, while the world average of 31 grams / day. Big sheep farms can be made by feeding the leaves of energy-rich leguminoceae plantation crops, also low in tannins and grasses with grazing in the plantations. The leaves are rich in protein has a high conversion into lamb meat, which later on the meat is eated by humans. This protein is very important for the body because it works for the growth of cells and the sheep will also be our best treasure. Do not let Indonesia want to boost meat production with the farm, but on the one hand also boost imports of animal feed such as corn and soybeans due to less availability of domestic animal feed. In addition, sheep feed with grass and foliage will make the meat has a ratio of omega 6 to omega 3 close to 1, so it will be the world healthiest food. Unlike if the cattle are fed grains then the ratio of omega 6 to omega 3 large, can be more than 10 and this is also less good. 

Will Indonesia also be barrier-free to become one of the world's largest producers of wood pellets? The answer, of course not. Major countries such as Canadian wood pellet producers who are rich in woody biomass from forestry also do not remain silent and try to seize and lead the world wood pellet market. Even Canada has targeted Europe and Asia as its wood pellet market, namely wood pellet production from western Canada for Japanese and Korean markets and from the eastern part for the European market. Meanwhile, domestic policy also requires wood pellets because pan-Canadian climate deal is targeting coal-free power plants by 2030. Europe is still the most important market destination for export wood pellets from Canada, accounting for 80% of its export volume. And almost all is for the electricity industry sector, namely in England, Belgium and the Netherlands and only slightly for the heating sector in Italy. Seeing opportunities for the shortage of wood pellet supply in Europe, some European countries have also started emerging as wood pellet producers by 2016, such as Ukraine 360 ​​thousand tons (plus 1 million tons of pellet fuel made from agricultural waste such as straw from wheat, sunflower husk), Serbia (250 thousand tons), Croatia (232 thousand tons), and Slovenia (110 thousand tons). Estonia and Latvia, two small countries in Europe also began to become rivals for Canada. While other countries in Europe have also started to increase production. What is the current production of wood pellets in Indonesia? Wood pellet production in Indonesia is relatively small approximately 80,000 tons per year while Malaysia has more than 180 thousand tons per year and mostly for the Korean market which is more than 70% both from Indonesian and Malaysian producers. While the export to Japan is still very small. Finally there are some things to note for the producers: first, evidence of sustainability, the two qualities, the three strengths and financial reliability, and the fourth that is the competitive price.

In addition to Canada, the United States and Europe are the largest producers today, as well as users of wood pellets in large quantities. But there is a difference between the three, which Canada exports most of its wood pellets, many Americans use wood pellets domestically, while Europe still needs very much wood pellets from other countries. There are also a number of wood pellet producers in Asia, more specifically in Southeast Asia such as Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam. The land area in Indonesia and the various conditions that support it make the potential to become a leader for the production of wood pellets in Southeast Asia is very large. Another factor is the low target of the Indonesian government for biomass energy in the national energy mix which according to Indonesian PresidentialRegulation no 5 of 2006 only 5% and even then in 2025, so the majority of wood pellet production can be directed to big wood pellet market like Japan and South Korea. Meanwhile, if the heating market is more influenced by the price of energy or fuel of competitors, not because of policy or regulation, the price of competitor's fuel such as coal, petroleum, gas and even wood will determine the amount of wood pellet consumption in the country. Conditions in Indonesia basically also support for the wood pellet market for heating both for industry and household that use LPG (propane), because the price of wood pellet is much cheaper in terms of energy content. Unfortunately not many are working on this market, this is because there are several barrier factors that are limited supply of wood pellets and cook stoves are practical for the sector.

Conclusion: Indonesia has a great chance to become a major player of wood pellet both as producer and user as well. It is supported by a number of natural conditions, land area and geographic position. But since there is no clear policy for the use of fuel or wood pellet energy sources for power generation and national energy policy under Presidential Regulation no 5 of 2006 only targets 5% for biomass energy in renewable energy mix so that the role of wood pellet producers with the majority of their products for export market is more a priority. Energy plantations as a way to produce the raw material of wood pellet industry with large quantities, continuous and stable and the potential to produce food in the form of protein from sheep meat is the best choice. Improvement of generations to a glorious civilization to light the world, one of them with food in the form of meat that halalan thoyyiban, namely healthy, delicious and quality with sufficient nutritional content of the protein.Energy development with wood pellet production derived from wood in the trees in the energy plantations  are  also in line with the instructions of theQur'an.

Want to Continue Planting Oil Palm or Switch to Energy Plantation?

The number of oil palm plantations in Indonesia and Malaysia that have entered the old age so that is not productive, need to immediately get a solution. The first and most popular solution as many companies do by replanting or replanting the plantation with new oil palm trees. The second solution is to switch to cultivate other plants that are considered more profitable. Energy plantations for wood pellet production is the best solution for that. Why do companies or smallholders take this second solution? This is mainly because the oil palm business does not provide the expected benefits. Many palm plantations do not provide the expected benefits due to the high cost of care(maintenance)  including fertilizer and pest management as well as the selling price of cheap fresh fruit and / or CPO. Moreover, oil palm also takes 5 harvest before it can be harvested fruit.

 Why energy plantation for wood pellet production can be regarded as a good solution? This is because there are several reasons: first, the energy plantations maintenance is very easy and cheap cost. Second, by planting the energy plantations will also restore the fertility of the soil. Third, the need for wood pellets for the energy sector is also increasing. Fourth, the leaves of the plantation can also be used for sheep/lamb or goat farms. This sheep will also be the best treasure for us. Fifth, as a companion plantation of oil palm plantations. The extent of oil palm plantations that reach tens or even hundreds of thousands of hectares are planted in monoculture or only one type of plant vulnerable with various diseases, so by adding a companion plant of leguminoceae group in the energy plantation will reduce or avoid the problem as well as optimize the yield of the oil palm plantation itself. After the old oil palm trees are felled, the stems can also be used as raw material for pellet production or OPT pellet. Only then can it be continued to replant new oil palm trees, or switch 100% with energy plantations or combined  with some remaining as oil palm plantations and partially for energy plantations.

Then how will the energy plantations business also become a profitable and sustainable business? Similar to oil palm plantations so that their CPO products can be sold domestically or exported, which requires processing plant of fruit bunches from oil palm plantation, so also with energy plantations which need factory or processing unit to become wood pellet before marketed in domestic or export . Wood pellet production process is also simpler than CPO production and its factory or machineries price is also much cheaper. Mid-size entrepreneurs are more affordable to produce wood pellets from these energy plantations, for example from energy plantations of 500 hectares, 1000 hectares and so on. The design scheme of wood pellet production from energy plantation can also be read here. For readers who want to get estimation of wood pellet production, please send an email to eko.sbs@gmail.com

Korea's Choice Gricidae Energy Plantation?

There are many similarities between calliandra and gliricidae namely, the leguminoceae group, the wood has a high calorific value, easy to grow, suitable for cultivated energy plantation with fast growing capability after harvesting the wood, and can be integrated with the livestock business by utilizing the green leaves. But gliricidae sepium is easier and more common in many places. This is because gamal has several advantages over calliandra ie as shade trees, fences plants and simple building poles. Gliricidae can also grow in various places and types of soil, evident from the sea to the high mountains. As for the energy sector, calliandra wood has an advantage with faster dry so it can be exploited or easier to process further.

As a group of leguminoceae both gliricidae and calliandra are able to fertilize the soil because its roots are able to bind nitrogen from the atmosphere, increase soil organic matter, improve physical characteristics of soil, aeration and drainage, reduce soil erosion, lower soil temperature and reduce ground water evaporation. Critical land, marginal and unused land will be repaired with the leguminoceae. Human essential matter issues such as water, energy and food can also be fulfilled by the plantation. As with calliandra, for optimization of gliricidae can also be integrated in 5F projects for the world!.

Since implementing the RPS (Renewable Portfolio Standard) in 2012 Korea committed to increase the use of renewable energy, especially biomass and more specifically wood pellets in its energy sector. Based on the RPS, Korea requires a coal-fired power plant to use a minimum 2% of renewable energy by 2012, with  0.5% per year increase until 2020. By 2020 they will need a minimum of 10% renewable energy with 60% renewable energy composition coming from wood biomass , while the remaining 40% from other sources. Palm kernel shells also become short and medium term solutions, and wood pellets for the long term. Since a few years ago some gliricidae energy plantations have been created by cooperating with Korea. Although until now the commercial production of gliricidae wood pellets not yet realized, but it seems in the near future will be realized. Some of the driving forces include the limited availability of palm kernel shells, wood pellets from raw materials of wood wastes are also limited, and biomass pellets from various agricultural wastes are of low quality and often require various treatments before they are pelleted. It seems that gliricidae will soon be massively cultivated to meet renewable energy in Korea. 

Energy Development Based on Al Qur'an

Allah SWT hinted in the Qur'an Surah Yaasiin (36): 80 and Surah Waqi'ah (56): 71-72 that energy comes from green trees. From this it is very clear where the direction of energy development so that, that comes from the trees, so do not need to be confused with other sources such as grass, vines, plants that float or float in the waters and so forth. Of course, much wisdom and excellence about the source of energy from green trees because Allah Almighty Creator, Ruler, Regulator and Sustainer of the universe is hinted. The fossil energy we use today also comes from plants - millions of years ago. The instructions from Allah who accompanied the planting of trees, were the shepherding among the trees in the Qur'an An-Nahl (16): 10-11, A'basa (80): 24-32 and QS Thaahaa (20): 54 ). In the Qur'an Surah Al An'am (6): 143-144 among eight eight animals in pairs (4 pairs) are two (one pair) sheeps, a pair of goats, a pair of camels and a pair of cattle and sheeps mentioned in the first, of course this sheep has its own privileges, among others, sheep selected as the best animal for qurban (QS Ash Shaaffaat (37): 107) and animals that are pastored by all Prophets. By shepherding it among the woody trees, sheep farms are cheap because they feed on the grasses among the trees, the dirt from the sheep will fertilize the soil where the trees are planted and the grass that the sheep feed, the trees Will also absorb CO2 and release O2 for human breathing, the root of the trees prevents erosion, lowers the surface temperature of the earth, rebuilds ecosystems and so on. The absorption of CO2 by these trees will decrease CO2 concentrations in the earth, as greenhouse gases are causing climate change, and now the concentrations are already exceeding 400 ppm. Human with the limitations of their knowledge is very likely not able to capture all the wisdom contained from the verses of Allah.

For energy, our ranking is ranked only 63 out of 124 countries according to the World Economic Forum. It is not encouraging and it means demanding hard efforts also from various parties to be able to achieve adequate energy sufficiency. In the 1980s our oil production was estimated to be around 1700 Barrel Per Day (BPD) while consumption was only in the range of 400 BPD, while the current oil production is around 800 BPD while the consumption of 1400s BPD. Indonesia became a net importer of oil with a volume of about 600 BPD. Very large, so that in a short time the production volume will equal the volume of imports, until finally could be all the needs of oil comes from imports. It is predicted that in 10 years Indonesia will run out of this type of energy and must buy (import) from oil exporting countries. It could be in the coming years that Indonesia will buy all its oil needs, but keep in mind also as the increase of the population of exporter countries oil will also require more oil so that it is used for domestic consumption, and may not be exportable to other countries. Indonesia's natural gas is expected to run out in the 30s and coal 80s of the year from now. Are we going to continue to drain our natural resources as we do today until we become dysfunctional because we do not have adequate energy sources? While on the other hand hundreds of millions hectares of abandoned land, not used and only save the potential for disaster that can happen at any time. Are we going to pass on the natural damage to our children and grandchildren? Of course not. But how is the solution? The solution is to return to the direction of Allah through the verses of the Qur'an above.

Based on the form of energy or fuel grouped into 3, namely solid, liquid and gas. The three types of energy can be generated from the green tree. The solid-state energy or solid fuel, obviously derived from its wood can also be processed to be more efficient in transportation and its use by being a wood pellet and briquette (wood briquette). Wood briquette (sawdust briquette) is furthermore can also be made charcoal (carbonization) into charcoal briquette (sawdust charcoal briquette). The need for sawdust charcoal briquette is increasing from year to year especially in Saudi Arabia and Middle East as the huge need/consumption of sheeps there. Liquid fuels such as bioethanol can be obtained from fermented fruits and plants rich in sugar content. Woods with pyrolysis process will also produce liquid fuels in the form of bio-oil, in addition to gas fuel-rich methane and charcoal. Other liquid fuels are obtained by extracting the oil from the fruits produced such as palm oil, coconut oil and olive oil which can then be used as biodiesel. While gas fuel can be obtained by processing organic wastes from the process of processing these fruits by fermentation (biological route) so that biogas is formed rich methane gas, for example: the production of biogas from palm oil mill effluent or pome. Woods can also produce gas with technology, especially gasification (thermal route). These gases from both the thermal route and the biological route in addition to being fuel can also be processed into useful products for human life such as bioplastics and so on.

Densification technology into wood pellets and wood briquette is the easiest scheme or route in woody biomass processing and its current and future needs are also very large. This time also began to emerge producers of wood pellets and wood briquette in various regions in Indonesia. Generally, the production of the above two commodities still uses wood waste as its raw material with limited supply. Palm oil empty fruit bunches are solid waste palm oil mills that are currently not widely processed. As the world's largest CPO producer with a palm plantation area of nearly 11 million hectares and more than 600 palm oil factories, the waste of empty fruit bunches are also very abundant.

Making energy plantation is the best way to get raw materials. Moreover, energy plantation is also added with activity of sheep grazing and cattle fattening, as described in link 5F Project ForThe World!. Calliandra as a legume crop species and can harvest quickly with high productivity of wood and can grow again so that it can be harvested continuously every year without replanting until decades very suitable for plant of energy plantation. Extensive plantations with similar crops (monocultures) will make them vulnerable to disease. Fruit trees or hardwood trees are either made into a distraction from the calliandra energy plantation. The harvest of calliandra wood can be processed into wood pellets to meet domestic and export energy needs. The export market of wood pellets is huge because a number of countries in Asia and Europe have encouraged the use of energy from biomass especially wood pellets.

In the end with the motivation or encouragement of the Qur'an is coupled with the hadith of the Prophet Muhammad SAW about syirkah (muslim cooperation) should every Muslim is increasingly compelled to implement these guidelines. Economic aspect or financial advantage as the main motivation to try will certainly also be obtained in addition to the main one is blessing. Only with these guidelines the management of nature will continue to be sustainable and provide optimal benefits for all human beings. Specifically for energy or fuel from woody biomass can be started from the manufacture of calliandra plantation and then processed for wood pellet production, to further fill the ready market as in European countries, Korea, Japan and so on, and while educating / preparing the domestic market. The second potential which is also very abundant but not yet widely used today is the empty fruit bunches of palm oil mill waste, to be made EFB pellet.

Calliandra Planting For Soil Improvement Thus adequate Food, Energy and Water

That Muslims should organize in the management of land - grasslands or sources of food, water, fire or energy it is clear there in the direction of the Prophet Muhammad: "The Muslims were syirkah (cooperation) in three ways pasture, water and fire" (HR . Sunan Abu Daud).

What are the consequences when we ignore these instructions - that is when we do not bersyirkah among us? Sources of livelihood are our primary form of food, water and energy managed by others and people become not self-sufficient in meeting the main of needs. When we are not self-sufficient in terms of basic needs, we are easily misled in a variety of other matters. Then the great work for people with learning syirkah in three main points as much as possible should be initiated.

In matters of energy the Muslims must start His guidance, what are the Qur'an speaks regarding the fire or energy? Qur'an talk about the source of fire from green trees (Surah 36: 80 and Surah 56: 71-72). In a matter of human beings could be the most efficient source of energy that nuclear power, which is the most clean hydro power, which is the most abundant solar energy. But when Allah SWT hinted fire from green trees, certainly a source of energy that this one has its own advantages. For example when we have firewood or wood pellets (the cutting edge  the fuel) from the woody biomass then can we save, we can use at any given time, relatively unaffected by weather conditions. Unlike hydro (water) and solar energy availability and use is affected by weather conditions. Plants or green trees also absorb CO2 and release O2 for us to breathe. In addition the plant is also able to fertilize the soil, resisting erosion and of course there are many more details. Furthermore, the text below will describe a small part of the energy advantages of green trees and environmental benefits.

According to the FAO estimated one third of the world soil layer has been damaged or degraded. Though the land is an important part in supporting life on earth. We know the food chain from plants. The life human and animal from plants. Most of our food comes from the ground, although there is plants and animals that live in the sea. Especially in agriculture, the land becomes the most important factor that determines the land is an important part in supporting life on earth. Land degradation occurs due to erosion, compaction, ground cover, the use of agricultural chemicals and soil nutrient depletion, acidification, pollution and other processes caused by land management practices that are not sustainable.

 

Degraded Lands in Indonesia

FAO Director General Jose Graziano da Silva estimates that by 2050 the fertile soil in the world lived a quarter of the benchmark in 1960. As the growth of world population continues to increase with the forecast to 10 billion in 2050 and is now almost 2 billion only experiencing food shortage, of course decreasing the amount of fertile land further aggravate the condition. Instructions from the Qur’an above which the plant types Leguminoceae then attempt to restore the soil fertility is feasible. Leguminoceae plant will capture nitrogen from the air is then stored in the root nodules and into soil fertilizer. Additionally leaves are also rich in nitrogen, when falling to the soil also will become fertilizer that fertilizes the land. When the soil has been broken so need to be restored then the legumes plants is the most suitable in these conditions. This is because such plants legumes have these characteristics: cool / moisten the soil surface, root nodules for being able to fix nitrogen from the atmosphere means that is able to fertilize the soil is damaged / barren, and able to prevent erosion. Rhizobium is a type of bacteria that grow in the roots of leguminoceae plants and act bind nitrogen in nodules. According to FAO, small organisms such as bacteria and fungi in underground acts as a primary agent driving the cycle of nutrients and helps plants through improved nutrient intake, which in turn support the biodiversity on the ground as well.

Among the more than 19,000 kinds of Leguminoceae, Calliandra is one of them and has been developed in Indonesia. Planting Calliandra has two major benefits that restore soil fertility and production of wood for fuel, especially wood pellets. More about the pattern of utilization can be read at the link 5F Project ForThe World!. While in Indonesia alone there are hundreds of millions of hectares have not been utilized well, including many have become degraded land. One grateful for the favors of Allah  SWT is with the prosperity of the earth.

Planting trees will clean the air by absorbing CO2 and produce O2. Imagine this in an era with a location not far from here, to breathe clean air people have to buy the air in the packaging - as we buy bottled water in a plastic bottle. It's very sad. In the area of Xinjiang, the region is already very bad air pollution in China, tens of millions of air in cans has been sold since last few years. And unfortunately only the rich people who can afford to buy the canned air. Islam teaches that the air and water are free goods that can be enjoyed by anyone. Important effort that can be done to make that free is still free, is to plant  trees, so that it can improve the soil fertility by planting Leguminoceae plant group, clean the air, a source of energy and also absorb water.